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Listen to short stories / Ingilizce kisa hikayler Dinle
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Listen to short stories / Ingilizce kisa hikayler Dinle
12-11-2007, 12:15 PM
Post: #1
Listen to short stories / Ingilizce kisa hikayler Dinle
 


Hikayeyi dinleyebilirsiniz..
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One dollar and eighty-seven cents. That
was all. And sixty cents of it was in pennies. Pennies saved one and two at a
time by bulldozing the grocer and the vegetable man and the butcher until one's
cheeks burned with the silent imputation of parsimony that such close dealing
implied. Three times Della counted it. One dollar and eighty- seven cents. And
the next day would be Christmas.

There was clearly nothing to do but flop down on the shabby little couch and
howl. So Della did it. Which instigates the moral reflection that life is made
up of sobs, sniffles, and smiles, with sniffles predominating.

While the mistress of the home is gradually subsiding from the first stage to
the second, take a look at the home. A furnished flat at $8 per week. It did not
exactly beggar description, but it certainly had that word on the lookout for
the mendicancy squad.

In the vestibule below was a letter-box into which no letter would go, and an
electric button from which no mortal finger could coax a ring. Also appertaining
thereunto was a card bearing the name "Mr. James Dillingham Young."

The "Dillingham" had been flung to the breeze during a former period of
prosperity when its possessor was being paid $30 per week. Now, when the income
was shrunk to $20, though, they were thinking seriously of contracting to a
modest and unassuming D. But whenever Mr. James Dillingham Young came home and
reached his flat above he was called "Jim" and greatly hugged by Mrs. James
Dillingham Young, already introduced to you as Della. Which is all very good.

Della finished her cry and attended to her cheeks with the powder rag. She stood
by the window and looked out dully at a gray cat walking a gray fence in a gray
backyard. Tomorrow would be Christmas Day, and she had only $1.87 with which to
buy Jim a present. She had been saving every penny she could for months, with
this result. Twenty dollars a week doesn't go far. Expenses had been greater
than she had calculated. They always are. Only $1.87 to buy a present for Jim.
Her Jim. Many a happy hour she had spent planning for something nice for him.
Something fine and rare and sterling--something just a little bit near to being
worthy of the honor of being owned by Jim.

There was a pier-glass between the windows of the room. Perhaps you have seen a
pier-glass in an $8 flat. A very thin and very agile person may, by observing
his reflection in a rapid sequence of longitudinal strips, obtain a fairly
accurate conception of his looks. Della, being slender, had mastered the art.

Suddenly she whirled from the window and stood before the glass. her eyes were
shining brilliantly, but her face had lost its color within twenty seconds.
Rapidly she pulled down her hair and let it fall to its full length.

Now, there were two possessions of the James Dillingham Youngs in which they
both took a mighty pride. One was Jim's gold watch that had been his father's
and his grandfather's. The other was Della's hair. Had the queen of Sheba lived
in the flat across the airshaft, Della would have let her hair hang out the
window some day to dry just to depreciate Her Majesty's jewels and gifts. Had
King Solomon been the janitor, with all his treasures piled up in the basement,
Jim would have pulled out his watch every time he passed, just to see him pluck
at his beard from envy.

So now Della's beautiful hair fell about her rippling and shining like a cascade
of brown waters. It reached below her knee and made itself almost a garment for
her. And then she did it up again nervously and quickly. Once she faltered for a
minute and stood still while a tear or two splashed on the worn red carpet.

On went her old brown jacket; on went her old brown hat. With a whirl of skirts
and with the brilliant sparkle still in her eyes, she fluttered out the door and
down the stairs to the street.

Where she stopped the sign read: "Mne. Sofronie. Hair Goods of All Kinds." One
flight up Della ran, and collected herself, panting. Madame, large, too white,
chilly, hardly looked the "Sofronie."

"Will you buy my hair?" asked Della.

"I buy hair," said Madame. "Take yer hat off and let's have a sight at the looks
of it."

Down rippled the brown cascade.

"Twenty dollars," said Madame, lifting the mass with a practised hand.

"Give it to me quick," said Della.

Oh, and the next two hours tripped by on rosy wings. Forget the hashed metaphor.
She was ransacking the stores for Jim's present.

She found it at last. It surely had been made for Jim and no one else. There was
no other like it in any of the stores, and she had turned all of them inside out.
It was a platinum fob chain simple and chaste in design, properly proclaiming
its value by substance alone and not by meretricious ornamentation--as all good
things should do. It was even worthy of The Watch. As soon as she saw it she
knew that it must be Jim's. It was like him. Quietness and value--the
description applied to both. Twenty-one dollars they took from her for it, and
she hurried home with the 87 cents. With that chain on his watch Jim might be
properly anxious about the time in any company. Grand as the watch was, he
sometimes looked at it on the sly on account of the old leather strap that he
used in place of a chain.

When Della reached home her intoxication gave way a little to prudence and
reason. She got out her curling irons and lighted the gas and went to work
repairing the ravages made by generosity added to love. Which is always a
tremendous task, dear friends--a mammoth task.

Within forty minutes her head was covered with tiny, close-lying curls that made
her look wonderfully like a truant schoolboy. She looked at her reflection in
the mirror long, carefully, and critically.

"If Jim doesn't kill me," she said to herself, "before he takes a second look at
me, he'll say I look like a Coney Island chorus girl. But what could I do--oh!
what could I do with a dollar and eighty- seven cents?"

At 7 o'clock the coffee was made and the frying-pan was on the back of the stove
hot and ready to cook the chops.

Jim was never late. Della doubled the fob chain in her hand and sat on the
corner of the table near the door that he always entered. Then she heard his
step on the stair away down on the first flight, and she turned white for just a
moment. She had a habit for saying little silent prayer about the simplest
everyday things, and now she whispered: "Please God, make him think I am still
pretty."

The door opened and Jim stepped in and closed it. He looked thin and very
serious. Poor fellow, he was only twenty-two--and to be burdened with a family!
He needed a new overcoat and he was without gloves.

Jim stopped inside the door, as immovable as a setter at the scent of quail. His
eyes were fixed upon Della, and there was an expression in them that she could
not read, and it terrified her. It was not anger, nor surprise, nor disapproval,
nor horror, nor any of the sentiments that she had been prepared for. He simply
stared at her fixedly with that peculiar expression on his face.

Della wriggled off the table and went for him.

"Jim, darling," she cried, "don't look at me that way. I had my hair cut off and
sold because I couldn't have lived through Christmas without giving you a
present. It'll grow out again--you won't mind, will you? I just had to do it. My
hair grows awfully fast. Say `Merry Christmas!' Jim, and let's be happy. You
don't know what a nice-- what a beautiful, nice gift I've got for you."

"You've cut off your hair?" asked Jim, laboriously, as if he had not arrived at
that patent fact yet even after the hardest mental labor.

"Cut it off and sold it," said Della. "Don't you like me just as well, anyhow?
I'm me without my hair, ain't I?"

Jim looked about the room curiously.

"You say your hair is gone?" he said, with an air almost of idiocy.

"You needn't look for it," said Della. "It's sold, I tell you--sold and gone,
too. It's Christmas Eve, boy. Be good to me, for it went for you. Maybe the
hairs of my head were numbered," she went on with sudden serious sweetness, "but
nobody could ever count my love for you. Shall I put the chops on, Jim?"

Out of his trance Jim seemed quickly to wake. He enfolded his Della. For ten
seconds let us regard with discreet scrutiny some inconsequential object in the
other direction. Eight dollars a week or a million a year--what is the
difference? A mathematician or a wit would give you the wrong answer. The magi
brought valuable gifts, but that was not among them. This dark assertion will be
illuminated later on.

Jim drew a package from his overcoat pocket and threw it upon the table.

"Don't make any mistake, Dell," he said, "about me. I don't think there's
anything in the way of a haircut or a shave or a shampoo that could make me like
my girl any less. But if you'll unwrap that package you may see why you had me
going a while at first."

White fingers and nimble tore at the string and paper. And then an ecstatic
scream of joy; and then, alas! a quick feminine change to hysterical tears and
wails, necessitating the immediate employment of all the comforting powers of
the lord of the flat.

For there lay The Combs--the set of combs, side and back, that Della had
worshipped long in a Broadway window. Beautiful combs, pure tortoise shell, with
jewelled rims--just the shade to wear in the beautiful vanished hair. They were
expensive combs, she knew, and her heart had simply craved and yearned over them
without the least hope of possession. And now, they were hers, but the tresses
that should have adorned the coveted adornments were gone.

But she hugged them to her bosom, and at length she was able to look up with dim
eyes and a smile and say: "My hair grows so fast, Jim!"

And them Della leaped up like a little singed cat and cried, "Oh, oh!"

Jim had not yet seen his beautiful present. She held it out to him eagerly upon
her open palm. The dull precious metal seemed to flash with a reflection of her
bright and ardent spirit.

"Isn't it a dandy, Jim? I hunted all over town to find it. You'll have to look
at the time a hundred times a day now. Give me your watch. I want to see how it
looks on it."

Instead of obeying, Jim tumbled down on the couch and put his hands under the
back of his head and smiled.

"Dell," said he, "let's put our Christmas presents away and keep 'em a while.
They're too nice to use just at present. I sold the watch to get the money to
buy your combs. And now suppose you put the chops on."

The magi, as you know, were wise men--wonderfully wise men--who brought gifts to
the Babe in the manger. They invented the art of giving Christmas presents.
Being wise, their gifts were no doubt wise ones, possibly bearing the privilege
of exchange in case of duplication. And here I have lamely related to you the
uneventful chronicle of two foolish children in a flat who most unwisely
sacrificed for each other the greatest treasures of their house. But in a last
word to the wise of these days let it be said that of all who give gifts these
two were the wisest. O all who give and receive gifts, such as they are wisest.
Everywhere they are wisest. They are the magi.  






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12-11-2007, 12:18 PM
Post: #2
RE: Listen to short stories / Ingilizce kisa hikayler Dinle
Hikayenin turkcesi :
_______________

Tam bir dolar seksen yedi senti vardı. O kadar, ne bir sent eksik, ne bir sent fazla!.. Bunun da altmış senti penniden ibaret ufaklıktı. Bu pennileri teker teker bakkal, kasap, manavla çekişe çekişe pazarlık ederek ve her defasında satıcıların cimrilik isnatları karşısında utancından kıpkırmızı kesilerek biriktirmişti. Della paraları üç defa saydı. Bir dolar seksen yedi sent, o kadar! Halbuki ertesi gün Noel'di.

Kendini odadaki partal divanın üzerine atıp hıçkıra hıçkıra ağlamaktan başka çare yoktu. Della da böyle yaptı.

Della'nın evi, haftada sekiz dolara tutulmuş mobilyalı bir apartman! Tasvire değer bir hali yok. Tam bir fakirhane!

Aşağıda antrede, içine tek bir zarf sığdırmaya imkân olmayan bir mektup kutusu ile ölümlü bir elin asla çaldıramayacağı bir zil vardı. Kapıda da "Mr. James Dillingham Young" ismini taşıyan bir kart asılı idi.

Mr. James Dillingham eve geldiği vakit size evvelce Della diye takdim ettiğimiz karısı kendisine "Jim" diye hitap eder, boynuna sarılarak onu bağrına basardı.

Gözyaşları dindikten sonra Della eline bir ponpon alarak yüzünü pudraladı. Pencerede durarak apartmanın o kasvetli arka avlusundaki bulut rengi bir parmaklık üzerinde yürüyen bulut rengi kediyi aptal aptal seyretti. Ertesi günü Noel'di. Jim'e bir hediye alabilecek yalnız bir dolar seksen yedi senti vardı. Bu pennileri aylardan beri birer birer biriktirmişti. Halbuki şimdi hiçbir işe yaramadıklarını görüyordu. Haftada yirmi dolara pek bir şey yapmaya imkân yoktu. Masraf umduğundan fazlaya çıkıyordu. Zaten her zaman öyle olur!.. Şimdi Jim'e hediye alacak yalnız bir dolar seksen yedi senti vardı. Sevgili Jim'ine güzel bir şey almak hususunda hülyalar kurarak bir çok mesut anlar yaşamıştı. Güzel, nadir, parlak bir şey, Jim'e ait olmak şerefi ile az çok mütenasip bir hediye.

Pencereden uzaklaşarak kendini aynanın önüne attı. Gözleri pırıl pırıl yanıyordu, ama yirmi saniye içinde rengi uçuvermişti. Saçlarını çözerek omuzlarının üzerine döktü.
James Dillingham Young Ailesi'nin iftihar ettikleri iki şeyleri vardı. Birisi Jim'in babasından intikal eden ve aslında büyük babasına ait olan altın saat, diğeri ise Della'nın saçları idi. Apartmanın hava deliğinin karşı tarafında Saba Melikesi otursaydı Della, kraliçenin mücevherlerini kıymetten düşürmek kastiyle, o güzel saçlarını pencereden dışarı sarkıtırdı. Hazreti Süleyman apartmanın kapıcısı olsa ve bütün servetini, elmaslarını, bodrumda bulundursaydı, Jim ihtiyarı kıskandırıp hasetle sakalını kaşıttırmak için önünden her geçişinde cebindeki saati çekip bakar gibi yaparak gösterirdi.

Della'nın saçları altın renkli bir çağlayan gibi parlayarak ve dalgalanarak dizlerine kadar döküldü ve bir elbise gibi vücudunu örttü. Bununla beraber Della, saçlarının uzun müddet böyle kalmasına müsaade etmedi. Sinirli ellerle hemen topladı. Bir aralık bir an için durdu. Tereddüt eder gibi oldu. Yerdeki kırmızı tüyleri dökük halıya bir iki damla gözyaşı aktı.

Della, gözlerinin yaşı kurumadan kahverengi ceketini kapıp aynı renkteki şapkasını başına geçirdiği gibi, eteklerini savurarak kapıdan fırladı. Merdivenleri inip sokağa çıktı.
"Mm. Sofronie. Her nevi saç levazımı" ibaresini taşıyan bir tabelanın önünde durdu. Bir hamlede kendini yukarıda buldu. İriyarı, süt beyaz, soğuk bir kadın olan Madam Sofronie'ye nefes nefese:

- Saçlarımı alır mısınız?diye sordu. Madam:
- Saç alırım ama şapkanı çıkar da bir bakalım, cevabını verdi. Della altın renkli, çağlayana benzeyen saçlarını döküverdi.

Madam, saçları pişkin bir alıcı eli ile bir yokladıktan sonra.
- Yirmi dolar, dedi.

Della:
- Peki. Derhal, cevabını verdi. Ondan sonraki iki saati pembe bir bulut üstünde uçar gibi sevinçle nasıl geçirdiğini bilmiyordu. Edebiyat bertaraf, Jim için istediği hediyeyi bulmak arzusu ile dükkânların altını üstüne getiriyordu.

Nihayet bulabildi. Hassaten Jim için yapılmış bir şey? Dükkân dükkân gezmiş, hiçbirinde buna benzer bir şey görmemişti. Platin bir saat zinciri. Kıymeti, fazla gösterişli süslerde değil, deseninin sadeliğinde ve kibarlığında idi.
Bütün iyi şeyler böyle olmalıdır. Zincir Jim'in o emsalsiz saatine layık derecede güzeldi. Della ilk nazarda kararını verdi. Zincir tıpkı Jim gibi idi. Gösterişsiz, fakat kıymetli. Kocasını da, zinciri de aynı şekilde tarif etmek mümkündü, yirmi bir dolar verdi. Bu zinciri taktıktan sonra Jim artık, saatine nerede olsa bakabilir, daha doğrusu bakmaya heveslenebilirdi. Halbuki, şimdi o emsalsiz saate, bir kayışa asılı olduğundan hep gizleyerek bakıyordu.

Eve avdet ettikten sonra Della'nın sarhoşluğu biraz geçti. Aklı başına gelerek ihtiyatlı hareket etmeyi düşündü. Saç maşalarını çıkartarak hava gazını yaktı. Ve aşkla cömertliğin birleşmesinden doğan tahribatı tamire koyuldu. Sayın dostlar, burun kıvırıp geçmeyin. Bu her zaman muazzam bir iştir. Müthiş bir iş!.
Kırk dakika zarfında saçları mektep kaçağı bir çocuk kafası gibi kıvrım kıvrım olmuştu. Della aynadaki aksini tenkitçi bir nazarla uzun uzadıya dikkatle seyretti.
Kendi kendine:

- Jim bu halimi görüp de ilk bakışta öldürmezse iyi. Tiyatro kızlarına benzetecek ama ne yapayım. Bir dolar seksen yedi sentle ne alınabilirdi ki, dedi.
Yedi buçukta kahve pişirilmişti. Tava da sobanın arkasına yerleştirilerek ısıtılmış olan pirzolaları kızartmak üzere hazırlanmıştı.

Jim, hiç geç kalmazdı. Della zinciri avucuna alarak kapının yanındaki masanın başına oturdu. Kocasının, merdivenlerin ilk basamağındaki ayak seslerini duyunca bembeyaz oldu. Gündelik, en basit şeyleri için dua etmeyi adet etmişti.

- Büyük Allahım! Yalvarırım sana, ne olur, saçlarımı beğendir, diye mırıldandı.
Jim kapıyı açtı ve içeri girip arkasından kapadı. Zayıf ve pek ciddi bir hali vardı. Zavallı henüz yirmi iki yaşında, aile yükü taşıyordu. Yeni bir pardösüye ihtiyacı vardı, ellerinde eldiven yoktu.

Odaya koku almış bir av köpeği gibi etrafına kayıtsız bir halde bakınarak girdi. Gözleri Della'ya dikilmişti. Della bu dik nazarların manasını anlamayarak korktu. Bu nazarlar ne hayret, ne hiddet, ne dehşet, ne beğenmemezlik, yani genç kadının hazırlandığı hislerden hiçbirini ifade etmiyordu.

Jim, yüzünde o garip ifade ile nazarlarını karısına dikmiş sadece bakıyordu.
Della masanın yanından kıvrılarak yaklaştı.

- Jim, şekerim ne olursun öyle bakma, diye yalvardı. Saçımı kesip sattım. Noeli sana hediye almadan geçiremezdim, ölürdüm. Ne olacak yine büyür. Affediyorsun değil mi? Ne yapayım başka çarem yoktu. Saçlarım çabuk büyür. Unutalım bunu, haydi Jim, şekerim. Noel'in mübarek olsun de de barışalım. Ne güzel ne hoş bir hediye aldığımı tasavvur edemezsin, dedi.

Jim zihnini yoracak kadar düşünüp taşındığı halde bir türlü anlayamamış gibi yavaş yavaş:
- Saçını mı kestin, dedi.

Della:
- Kesip sattım. Bu halimi beğenmedin mi? Eskisi kadar sevmedin mi? Saçsız da yine aynı insan değil miyim, diye yalvardı.

Jim etrafına şaşkın şaşkın baktı. Nihayet aptallaşmış gibi:
- Saçımı kestim mi dedin, diye cevap verdi.

Della:
- Evet, kesip sattım diyorum, diye izah etti. Yavrucuğum bu akşam Noel! Beni mazur gör, affet. Senin uğruna gitti, deyip ciddi bir tatlılıkla:
- Saçlarımın tellerini saymak belki mümkündür ama sana olan sevgimi ölçmek imkânsızdır. Şekerim, pirzolaları ateşe koyalım mı? diye sordu.
Jim, daldığı rüyadan uyanır gibi oldu. Della'cığını kollarına aldı, pardösünün cebinden bir paket çıkararak masanın üstüne attı.

- Dellacığım, aldanıyorsun. Saçını nasıl kesersen kes, hiç fark etmez. Sana olan sevgimde hiç değişiklik yapmaz. Paketi açarsan birdenbire neden afalladığımı anlarsın, dedi.

Della beyaz parmakları ile kâğıdı yırtarak ipleri kopararak paketi açtı. Açmasıyle feryadı basması bir oldu.

Gözlerinden yaşlar akmaya başladı. Paketten Della'nın Broodway'de bir vitrinde görüp uzun müddettir arzuladığı taraklar çıkmıştı. Kaplumbağa kabuğundan yapılmış elmas kenarlı o güzel taraklar işte önündeydi. Renkleri de saçlarına ne kadar uyuyordu. Pahalı olduklarını bildiğinden hiç ümide kapılmadan beğenmiş ve arzulamıştı. Hiç beklemediği olmuştu. Ama ne çare ki pek tamah ettiği bu canım tarakları süsleyecek lüleler gitmişti.

Della nihayet kendini toplayarak kocasının getirdiği hediyeleri bağrına bastı. Gülümseyerek kocasına baktı.

- Şekerim, saçım pek çabuk uzar, deyip tüyleri tutuşan bir kedi gibi yerinden fırlayarak:

- Ay unutuyordum, diye bağırdı. Jim alınan güzel hediyeyi görmemişti. Della avucunu açarak sevinçle kocasına uzattı. Bu kıymetli, fakat donuk maden genç kadının ruhundaki ateşin aksi ile parlar gibi oldu.

- Şekerim, güzel değil mi? Bütün şehri altüst ettikten sonra bulabildim. Saatini ver bakalım nasıl yakışacak, dedi.

Jim, Della'nın dediğini yapacak yerde kendini sedire attı. Ellerini başının arkasına koyarak gülmeye başladı.

- Della sevgilim, Noel hediyelerimizi bir kenara koyup bir müddet saklayalım. Bugünkü halimize uygun değil. Biraz fazla. Tarakları almak için saati sattım. Pirzolaları koy bakalım ateşe, dedi.
....
İsa'ya doğduğu zaman hediye getiren Mecusiler akıllı insanlardı. Noel'de hediye vermek adetini onlar keşfettiler. Akıllı oldukları için daima uygun hediyeler getirirler ve çift olanları değiştirirlerdi.

Birbirleri için en kıymetli şeylerini feda eden iki akılsız gencin bir vakasını hikâye ettim.
Fakat bugünün akıllı gençlerine şunu hatırlatmak isterim.. Bu iki gencin birbirine verdikleri hediyeden daha uygunu olamazdı. Alıp verilen armağanlar arasında bunlarınkinden daha uygunu yoktur. Günümüzün hakikaten kıymetli insanları işte bu gibilerdir.
....
(O. Henry'nin bu öyküsünü dilimize Nuri Eren çevirdi. Öyküyü Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı, Dünya Edebiyatından Seçmeler Dizisi/ Hikâyeler-1/ O. Henry adlı kitaptan alıntıdır

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12-11-2007, 12:19 PM
Post: #3
RE: Listen to short stories / Ingilizce kisa hikayler Dinle
summary of story :
______

Jim and Della Dillingham Young are a couple who are very much in love with each other, but can barely afford their one-room apartment opposite the elevated train. For Christmas, Della decides to buy Jim a chain for his prized pocket watch given to him by his father. To raise the funds, she has her hair cut off and sold to make a wig. Meanwhile, Jim decides to sell his watch to buy Della a beautiful set of combs for her lovely, knee-length hair.

The moral of the story is that physical possessions, however valuable they may be, are of little value in the grand scheme of things. The true unselfish love that the characters, Jim and Della, share is greater than their possessions.

O. Henry ends the story by clarifying the metaphor between the characters in the story, Della and James (or Jim), and the Biblical Magi.

"The Gift of the Magi" features O. Henry's characteristic twist ending (O. Henry twist) and use of flowery diction.

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12-11-2007, 12:20 PM
Post: #4
RE: Listen to short stories / Ingilizce kisa hikayler Dinle
1. PLOT

1a) Synopsis

Jim and Della are a husband and wife living in a rented room in New York. They

are quite poor and recently Jim has had his salary cut back to only $20 a week from

the $30 a week he used to make. After rent and groceries, the couple hardly have any money left. Christmas is only a day away and, for a Christmas present, Della wants to buy Jim a gold watch chain for his gold watch. They do not have much to be proud or happy about, but Jim is very proud of that watch. And Della? Della is most proud of her beautiful long hair. But she really wants to buy that gold chain for Jim's watch. Too bad she only has $1.87. So, she decides to sell her hair to a woman who makes wigs and other hair articles. The woman pays Della $20 for her hair. The chain costs $21, so she now has enough money. She buys the chain to give to Jim. She goes home and prepares Jim's dinner and waits for him to come home, a little bit worried that Jim will be shocked when he sees her with all her beautiful hair cut off. When Jim comes home, he does look shocked when he sees Della with short hair. He stares at her in a strange way and it scares her. She explains to Jim how she sold her hair to buy him a nice Christmas present. Jim tells her not to worry and that nothing can change his love for her. The reason he is shocked to see her without her long hair is that he also wanted to get a nice Christmas present for Della. He gives her the present wrapped in paper and Della unwraps it to see that Jim had bought her a set of

beautiful combs for her hair. She had seen them in a shop before, but they were so

expensive. How was Jim able to afford them? Suddenly, she remembers Jim's

present. She gives him the gold chain. The chain is beautiful, but when Della asks Jim to put it on his watch, Jim surprises her. He sold the watch to buy her those nice combs. Were they both foolish to sell their favorite possessions? O.Henry tells us that, no, they were wise. They were wise because they had each sacrificed their most valuable possessions for the person they loved. They were like the three wise men — the Magi—who brought presents for Jesus Christ after he was born. Keep in mind, that this is why Christians still give presents on Christmas Day: to remember the gifts the Magi brought Christ on that very first Christmas.

1b) Vocabulary Checkpoint

• cut back (phrasal verb) To cut back is to reduce salary or spending which is

usually done in times of recession or slow business. It can be used as a phrasal verb

or as a noun.

• groceries (noun) Groceries, as a countable noun, are food provisions. We usually

consider these as essential food items (milk, eggs, rice, vegetables, etc). As a noncountable

noun, grocery is used to describe the store where groceries are purchased.

• watch chain (noun) A watch chain is a chain that attached to an old-fashioned

pocket-watch. The other end of the chain was attached to a waistcoat button hole so that the watch would not be lost if it fell out of the pocket.

• Too bad (adjective) (colloquial) Too bad is an expression which is similar to it's a

shame, or it's a pity. It expresses a feeling of disappointment at not being able to do

something.

• wigs (noun) A wig is a false hair covering for the head. Wig makers pay for real hair by its length. A person like Della, with extremely long hair, would be able to get a good price for cutting it short. Other words such as hairpiece and toupee (pronounced toopay) are also commonly used to describe smaller coverings that are not full wigs.

• shocked (adjective) To be shocked is to be very surprised. It is also a noun

(shock) and a verb (to shock).

• strange (adjective) Strange means unusual. In this case it refers to the way Jim

looks at Della in an unexpected manner.

• possessions (noun) Possessions are personal belongings. The things that we

own. It is related to the verb possess which means to hold, to keep or to own.

• sacrificed (verb) Here sacrificed is used as a verb. To sacrifice something is to

give away something valuable in order to help somebody else. It can also be used as

a noun, together with the verb "to make", e.g. He made a big sacrifice to help his

family.

• valuable (adjective) When something is valuable it is either worth a lot of money,

or it has strong emotional value and is something that can not easily be replaced.

2. PRE-STORY

2a) Gifts

• Do you celebrate Christmas in your country?

• What are some of the ways that your country observes Christmas?

• What are some other times of the year when people in your country like

to give or exchange gifts?

• What is the best gift you've every received?

Think about it and then tell a friend. Work with a friend or think about someone

you know well. Now think of a gift you think that person would like to receive for

Christmas, New Year or a birthday (or another special occasion).

Write the gift down on a piece of paper, but don't show it to your friend. Don't tell

them what it is. Make them guess what it is. How well do you know each other?

2b) Important dates

Christmas is a very special occasion for millions of people around the world.

However, many people think that Christmas has become too commercial and it

is easy to forget the true spiritual meaning of a special occasion.

Think about all the special events in your country or region. Make a list of all the

special dates that you celebrate during each year. Pay careful attention to the

ones that you or your family celebrate most.

Write a short description of what you do on one of those special occasions.

Don't forget to include the names of the people who join in the celebration and

places you visit. Especially, write about the things you do on those days that

are connected to the real meaning of the celebration and why you do them.

Which is the most important day of the year for you?

3. IN-STORY

3a) The Magi were the three wise men who brought gifts to Jesus Christ when he

was born. Magi is the plural of magus: a magus is a wise man or magician. The

words magic and magician are derived from magus.

If you have worked with the first four lessons in ELLSA, look at the review the

elements used in The Gift of the Magi.

Setting

What is the setting of the story? Think about time and place.

Character

How many characters are in the story?

Can you name them?

Which character speaks the following lines and what do these lines tell us about

their character?

• And now I think we should have our dinner.

• Will you buy my hair?

• I sold the watch to get the money to buy the combs.

• You've cut off your hair?

• Isn't it perfect, Jim?

• What could I do with a dollar and eighty-seven cents?

• Don't you like me now?

• You won't care, will you?

Re-tell the story by putting the lines in order.

Check your answers in the answer key.

Plot

What is the climax of the story?

What is the resolution of the story?

Conflict

What are some of the possible conflicts that could arise in a story like this?

Think back to the anxieties of Jim and Della (the answers to the character

exercise could help you here).

Write a short dialog based on one of the possible conflicts that could arise.

You might like to develop this into a short dramatic performance for the rest of

the class.

3b) Theme

This lesson introduces the final element of the short story that will be examined

in the first section of ELLSA: the theme of the story. Look up the word theme in

a dictionary or a thesaurus.

You will probably find most of the following synonyms for theme: topic, idea,

subject, issue, point.

The last word, point, is a good way to think about theme. The theme is the point,

or reason, for writing a story. Some people think of theme as the message or

meaning.

3c) Major and Minor Themes

A story usually has one main theme and several minor themes. Below is a list of

some common general themes in literature around the world. Think of some

stories or movies that you are familiar with and try to identify some of the themes

in them. Eight of these themes can be found in The Gift of the Magi. Explain how

O.Henry uses each theme you identify and then check the key to see if you have

found all the themes in the story.

• Art r • Justice r

• Beauty r • Knowledge r

• Bravery r • Law r

• Death r • Loss r

• Fear r • Love r

• Family r • Money r

• Faith r • Nature r

• Freedom r • Peace r

• The Future r • Poverty r

• Giving r • Pride r

• Greed r • Sacrifice r

• Growing Up r • Religion r

• Heroism r • Sacrifice r

• Honesty r • Truth r

• Hope r • War r

• Identity r • Wisdom r

• Independence r

Check your answers in the answer key

3d) Ranking: Major and Minor Themes

Rank the eight themes identified above from 1-8 with 1 being the main theme in

the story and 8 the least important minor theme. There are many possibilities,

depending on your personal beliefs. Compare and contrast your choice for

main theme with other people.

4. EXERCISES

4a) Exploring specific themes: Sacrifice & Wisdom

Sacrifice

Many teachers in the USA feel that sacrifice, or giving up something for

someone else, is the main theme in The Gift of the Magi. Both Della and Jim make

sacrifices so they can buy Christmas gifts for each other. Who made the greatest

sacrifice, Della, by selling her hair or Jim, by selling his watch? Why? Write a short

paragraph of your own thoughts on this matter. You can use this paragraph to help

you in classroom discussion or debate.

Wisdom

At the end of the story, O.Henry seems to be saying two different things. Read

below from page 6 in The Gift of the Magi. And here I have told you the story of two

children who were not wise. Each sold the most valuable thing he owned in order to

buy a gift for the other. But let me speak a last word to the wise of these days: Of all

who give gifts, these two were the most wise.

• Who are the two children?

• Why does O' Henry refer to them as "children"?

• How were they unwise?

• How were they wise?

Compare with the notes on this exercise in the answer key

4b) Themes & proverbs

Usually, an authors theme can be stated in terms that resemble familiar sayings

or proverbs.

Look at these English sayings. Are there similar sayings in your language. If not,

can you translate them easily into your language?

• Love is the greatest gift of all.

• Money can't buy you love.

• A gift must come from the heart.

• Beauty comes from within.

Which of the four sayings best describes the main theme of The Gift of the

Magi?

5. FOLLOW-UP

Dramatization

Animators and movie makers use a technique called "story-boarding" to

illustrate the scenes as they want them to be represented on screen. A story

board is like a sketch of the characters and setting, with the intention of visually

interpreting, plot, conflict and theme. Even though it may be difficult to draw

illustrations that would interpret events from a story such as The Gift of the Magi,

it is possible to provide short written descriptions of each scene as it is

intended to be portrayed. This is a common technique in script writing.

• Plot a new ending for the story.

• Imagine that Della tries to buy back Jim's watch.

• How will she raise the money?

• What will Jim's reaction be?

Draw a few sketches that illustrate the scenes from the story or write

descriptions of the scenes as you would like them to be portrayed. In groups of

three, plan and perform a short skit using the dialog you have created and the

scenes you have visualized.

Think carefully of all the elements you have worked with in the five short stories:

character, setting, plot, conflict and theme. How does your new ending relate to

each of these elements?

ANSWER KEY

3a) Which character speaks the following lines? Answers

Which character speaks the following lines, Jim or Della?

What does each line tell us about their character?

And now I think we should have our dinner.

Jim: he doesn't want either of them to worry or think too much about their new

gifts and lost possessions. He just wants them to enjoy Christmas together.

Will you buy my hair?

Della: she is willing to sacrifice her beautiful hair to be able to buy a nice gift for

her husband.

I sold the watch to get the money to buy the combs.

Jim: he is willing to sell his most prized possession, his watch, to buy Della a

nice gift.

You've cut off your hair?

Jim: he realizes that Della will not need the combs he bought her for a while.

Isn't it perfect, Jim?

Della: she really wants to make Jim happy.

What could I do with a dollar and eighty-seven cents?

Della: she doesn't have very much money and she is worried that she can't

buy a nice present for Jim.

Don't you like me now?

Della: she is worried that Jim will not like her with short hair.

You won't care, will you?

Della: she is worried that Jim will not like her with short hair.

• In what order are the lines spoken in the story? (2, 6, 8, 7, 4, 5, 3, 1)

3c) Major and Minor Themes: one interpretation of the story

The eight themes that O' Henry uses are:

Beauty Della is worried that Jim won't think she is beautiful with

short hair, but Jim loves her for more than just her beautiful

hair and how she looks. If you really love somebody, they

are beautiful no matter how they look.

Family Jim and Della are husband and wife and they love each

other. Jim's watch was given to him by his father and has

been in his family for many years. Still, he sacrifices it out of

love for Della.

Giving Della and Jim both feel that it is important to give nice gifts

to each other to express their love.

Identity Della learns that Jim loves her for just for being herself, not

because of her hair or the Christmas present she buys him.

Love Because Jim and Della love each other, there is really no

need to prove their love by buying gifts for each other.

Love is the greatest gift. Money Della and Jim sell valuable

things to get money to buy gifts for each other, because they

are poor.

Sacrifice Both Della and Jim give up valuable possessions so they

can buy Christmas gifts for each other.

Wisdom Della and Jim were wise because they were willing to make

sacrifices to show their love for each other.

4a) Exploring specific themes: Sacrifice & Wisdom—notes

Wisdom

At the end of the story, O.Henry seems to be saying two different things. Read

below from page 6 in The Gift of the Magi.

“And here I have told you the story of two children who were not wise. Each sold

the most valuable thing he owned in order to buy a gift for the other. But let me

speak a last word to the wise of these days: Of all who give gifts, these two were

the most wise.”

Who are the two children?

Jim and Della

Why does O' Henry refer to them as "children"?

Although they are both young adults, they are simple like children in many

ways.

How were they unwise?

They sold valuable things to buy gifts that they didn't really need to buy in the

first place, because they were truly in love.

How were they wise?

They thought only of the other person and not of themselves when they gave

their gifts.

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12-12-2007, 12:24 AM
Post: #5
RE: Listen to short stories / Ingilizce kisa hikayler Dinle
Thx
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12-16-2007, 08:12 PM
Post: #6
RE: Listen to short stories / Ingilizce kisa hikayler Dinle
good work thank you

"Courage is what it takes to stand up and speak. Courage is also what it takes to sit down and listen." Anonymous
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