Most men and women experience hair loss as they get older; indeed, most men have some degree of baldness by age 60. This is quite normal and affects some persons more than others, especially if baldness runs in the family. Sudden or abnormal hair loss could, however, result from:

**Taking certain medications (like some used in treating cancer, circulatory disorders, ulcers or arthritis)
**Following a crash diet
**Hormonal changes such as with menopause
**A prolonged or serious illness

Some medical conditions lead to hair loss. These need treatment.

They include:

*Hypothyroidism and ringworm (the latter is a fungal infection that affects the scalp and/or the hairs themselves)
*Areata, which causes areas of patchy hair loss, but does not affect the scalp. This condition improves rapidly when treated, but can even disappear within 18 months without treatment. Doctors may prescribe a topical steroid to be used once or twice a day.

For cosmetic reasons, some older persons wear wigs or toupees. Surgical hair transplant operations and the medication Rogaine are treatment options for both men and women, in very select cases. {Note: Wear a hat or use a sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 15 or more on the bald parts of your head when your head is exposed to the sun. The risk of sunburn and skin cancer on the scalp increases with baldness.}

Self-Care Tips
To protect your hair from damage and loss:

--Avoid damaging hair care practices or use them infrequently. These include braiding, cornrowing, bleaching, dyeing, perming, straightening; hot curling irons and rollers, and hair dryers, especially on a high setting.
--Use gentle shampoos and conditioners.
--Let your hair dry by patting it with a towel or by air drying.
--If your hair is damaged, cut it short or change your hairstyle to one that requires less damaging hair care practices.
--Take measures (e.g., yoga and other relaxation techniques) to reduce anxiety if this results in pulling out patches of hair.
--Don't be taken in by fraudulent claims for vitamin formulas, massage oils, lotions or ointments that promise to cure baldness. No potion or ointment exists that will produce a full head of hair. The only remedy that comes close is the medication Rogaine, originally developed as a blood pressure medication. Rogaine has shown promising results for some (but not all) cases of baldness. This applies to both men and women. It is available over-the-counter.
--Ask your doctor for a substitute medication if you are taking one that has caused hair loss. (This is not done, though, for certain medications such as anticancer drugs.)

What is the normal cycle of hair growth and loss?

The normal cycle of hair growth lasts for 2 to 6 years. Each hair grows approximately 1 centimeter (less than half an inch) per month during this phase. About 90 percent of the hair on your scalp is growing at any one time. About 10 percent of the hair on your scalp, at any one time, is in a resting phase. After 2 to 3 months, the resting hair falls out and new hair starts to grow in its place.

It is normal to shed some hair each day as part of this cycle. However, some people may experience excessive (more than normal) hair loss. Hair loss of this type can affect men, women and children.

What causes excessive hair loss?
A number of things can cause excessive hair loss. For example, about 3 or 4 months after an illness or a major surgery, you may suddenly lose a large amount of hair. This hair loss is related to the stress of the illness and is temporary.

Hormonal problems may cause hair loss. If your thyroid gland is overactive or underactive, your hair may fall out. This hair loss usually can be helped by treatment thyroid disease. Hair loss may occur if male or female hormones, known as androgens and estrogens, are out of balance. Correcting the hormone imbalance may stop your hair loss.

Many women notice hair loss about 3 months after they've had a baby. This loss is also related to hormones. During pregnancy, high levels of certain hormones cause the body to keep hair that would normally fall out. When the hormones return to pre-pregnancy levels, that hair falls out and the normal cycle of growth and loss starts again.

Some medicines can cause hair loss. This type of hair loss improves when you stop taking the medicine. Medicines that can cause hair loss include blood thinners (also called anticoagulants), medicines used for gout, medicines used in chemotherapy to treat cancer, vitamin A (if too much is taken), birth control pills and antidepressants.

Certain infections can cause hair loss. Fungal infections of the scalp can cause hair loss in children. The infection is easily treated with antifungal medicines.

Finally, hair loss may occur as part of an underlying disease, such as lupus or diabetes. Since hair loss may be an early sign of a disease, it is important to find the cause so that it can be treated.

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