Understanding and Using English Grammar Series (Third Edition) Contents:


AZAR GRAMMAR SERIES
Understanding And Using English Grammar,
Third Edition

Contents


Chapter 1
OVERVIEW OF VERB TENSES

1-1
THE SIMPLE TENSES

1-2
THE PROGRESSIVE TENSES

1-3
THE PERFECT TENSES

1-4
THE PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSES

1-5
SUMMARY CHART OF VERB TENSES

1-6
SPELLING OF -ING AND -ED FORMS

Chapter 2
PRESENT AND PAST, SIMPLE
AND PROGRESSIVE

2-1
SIMPLE PRESENT

2-2
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

2-3
STATIVE VERBS

2-4
AM/IS/ARE BEING + ADJECTIVE

2-5
REGULAR AND IRREGULAR VERBS

2-6
REGULAR VERBS: PRONUNCIATION OF -ED ENDINGS

2-7
IRREGULAR VERBS: AN ALPHABETICAL LIST

2-8
TROUBLESOME VERBS:
RAISE/RISE, SET/SIT, LAY/LIE

2-9
SIMPLE PAST

2-10
PAST PROGRESSIVE

2-11
USING PROGRESSIVE VERBS WITH
ALWAYS TO COMPLAIN

2-12
USING EXPRESSIONS OF PLACE
WITH PROGRESSIVE VERBS

Chapter 3
PERFECT AND PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSES

3-1
PRESENT PERFECT

3-2
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

3-3
PAST PERFECT

3-4
PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

Chapter 4
FUTURE TIME

4-1
SIMPLE FUTURE: WILL AND BE GOING TO

4-2
WILL VS. BE GOING TO

4-3
EXPRESSING THE FUTURE IN TIME CLAUSES

4-4
USING THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE AND THE SIMPLE PRESENT TO EXPRESS FUTURE TIME

4-5
FUTURE PROGRESSIVE

4-6
FUTURE PERFECT

4-7
FUTURE PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

Chapter 5
ADVERB CLAUSES OF TIME AND
REVIEW OF VERB TENSES

5-1
ADVERB CLAUSES OF TIME: FORM

5-2
USING ADVERB CLAUSES TO SHOW TIME RELATIONSHIPS

Chapter 6
SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT

6-1
FINAL -S/-ES USE, PRONUNCIATION, AND SPELLING

6-2
BASIC SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT

6-3
SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT: USING EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY

6-4
SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT: USING THERE + BE

6-5
SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT: SOME IRREGULARITIES

Chapter 7
NOUNS

7-1
REGULAR AND IRREGULAR PLURAL NOUNS

7-2
POSSESSIVE NOUNS

7-3
USING NOUNS AS MODIFIERS

7-4
COUNT AND NONCOUNT NOUNS

7-5
NONCOUNT NOUNS

7-6
SOME COMMON NONCOUNT NOUNS

7-7
BASIC ARTICLE USAGE

7-8
GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE

7-9
EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY

7-10
USING A FEW AND FEW; A LITTLE AND LITTLE

7-11
USING OF IN EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY

7-12
ALL (OF) AND BOTH (OF)

7-13
SINGULAR EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY: ONE, EACH, EVERY

Chapter 8
PRONOUNS

8-1
PERSONAL PRONOUNS

8-2
PERSONAL PRONOUNS:
AGREEMENT WITH GENERIC NOUNS
AND INDEFINITE PRONOUNS

8-3
PERSONAL PRONOUNS:
AGREEMENT WITH COLLECTIVE NOUNS

8-4
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

8-5
USING YOU, ONE, AND THEY AS IMPERSONAL PRONOUNS

8-6
FORMS OF OTHER

8-7
COMMON EXPRESSIONS WITH OTHER

Chapter 9
MODALS, PART 1

9-1
INTRODUCTION

9-2
POLITE QUESTIONS WITH I AS THE SUBJECT

9-3
POLITE QUESTIONS WITH YOU AS THE SUBJECT

9-4
POLITE REQUESTS WITH WOULD YOU MIND

9-5
EXPRESSING NECESSITY:
MUST, HAVE TO, HAVE GOT TO

9-6
LACK OF NECESSITY AND PROHIBITION:
HAVE TO AND MUST IN THE NEGATIVE

9-7
ADVISABILITY: SHOULD, OUGHT TO, HAD BETTER

9-8
THE PAST FORM OF SHOULD

9-9
EXPECTATIONS: BE SUPPOSED TO

9-10
MAKING SUGGESTIONS:
LET'S, WHY DON'T, SHALL I/WE

9-11
MAKING SUGGESTIONS: COULD VS. SHOULD

Chapter 10
MODALS, PART 2

10-1
DEGREES OF CERTAINTY: PRESENT TIME

10-2
DEGREES OF CERTAINTY: PRESENT TIME NEGATIVE

10-3
DEGREES OF CERTAINTY: PAST TIME

10-4
DEGREES OF CERTAINTY: FUTURE TIME

10-5
PROGRESSIVE FORMS OF MODALS

10-6
ABILITY: CAN AND COULD

10-7
USING WOULD TO EXPRESS A REPEATED
ACTION IN THE PAST

10-8
EXPRESSING PREFERENCE: WOULD RATHER

10-9
COMBINING MODALS WITH PHRASAL MODALS

10-10
SUMMARY CHART OF MODALS AND SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS

Chapter 11
THE PASSIVE

11-1
FORMING THE PASSIVE

11-2
USING THE PASSIVE

11-3
INDIRECT OBJECTS USED AS PASSIVE SUBJECTS

11-4
THE PASSIVE FORM OF MODALS
AND PHRASAL MODALS

11-5
STATIVE PASSIVE

11-6
COMMON STATIVE PASSIVE VERBS + PREPOSITIONS

11-7
THE PASSIVE WITH GET

11-8
PARTICIPIAL ADJECTIVES

Chapter 12
NOUN CLAUSES

12-1
INTRODUCTION

12-2
NOUN CLAUSES BEGINNING WITH A QUESTION WORD

12-3
NOUN CLAUSES BEGINNING WITH WHETHER OR IF

12-4
QUESTION WORDS FOLLOWED BY INFINITIVES

12-5
NOUN CLAUSES BEGINNING WITH THAT

12-6
QUOTED SPEECH

12-7
REPORTED SPEECH: VERB FORMS IN NOUN CLAUSES

12-8
USING THE SUBJUNCTIVE IN NOUN CLAUSES

12-9
USING -EVER WORDS

Chapter 13
ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

13-1
INTRODUCTION

13-2
ADJECTIVE CLAUSE PRONOUNS USED AS THE SUBJECT

13-3
ADJECTIVE CLAUSE PRONOUNS USED AS THE OBJECT OF A VERB

13-4
ADJECTIVE CLAUSE PRONOUNS USED AS THE OBJECT OF A PREPOSITION

13-5
USUAL PATTERNS OF ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

13-6
USING WHOSE

13-7
USING WHERE IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

13-8
USING WHEN IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

13-9
USING ADJECTIVE CLAUSES TO MODIFY PRONOUNS

13-10
PUNCTUATING ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

13-11
USING EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

13-12
USING NOUN + OF WHICH

13-13
USING WHICH TO MODIFY A WHOLE SENTENCE

13-14
REDUCING ADJECTIVE CLAUSES TO ADJECTIVE PHRASES: INTRODUCTION

13-15
CHANGING AN ADJECTIVE CLAUSE TO AN ADJECTIVE PHRASE

Chapter 14
GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES, PART 1

14-1
GERUNDS: INTRODUCTION

14-2
USING GERUNDS AS THE OBJECTS OF PREPOSITIONS

14-3
COMMON PREPOSITION COMBINATIONS FOLLOWED BY GERUNDS

14-4
COMMON VERBS FOLLOWED BY GERUNDS

14-5
GO + GERUND

14-6
SPECIAL EXPRESSIONS FOLLOWED BY -ING

14-7
COMMON VERBS FOLLOWED BY INFINITIVES

14-8
COMMON VERBS FOLLOWED BY EITHER INFINITIVES OR GERUNDS

14-9
REFERENCE LIST OF VERBS FOLLOWED BY GERUNDS

14-10
REFERENCE LIST OF VERBS FOLLOWED BY INFINITIVES

14-11
IT + INFINITIVE; GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES AS SUBJECTS

Chapter 15
GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES, PART 2

15-1
INFINITIVE OF PURPOSE: IN ORDER TO

15-2
ADJECTIVES FOLLOWED BY INFINITIVES

15-3
USING INFINITIVES WITH TOO AND ENOUGH

15-4
PASSIVE AND PAST FORMS OF INFINITIVES AND GERUNDS

15-5
USING GERUNDS OR PASSIVE INFINITIVES FOLLOWING NEED

15-6
USING A POSSESSIVE TO MODIFY A GERUND

15-7
USING VERBS OF PERCEPTION

15-8
USING THE SIMPLE FORM AFTER LET AND HELP

15-9
USING CAUSATIVE VERBS: MAKE, HAVE, GET

Chapter 16
COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

16-1
PARALLEL STRUCTURE

16-2
USING PAIRED CONJUNCTIONS: BOTH . . . AND; NOT ONLY... BUT ALSO; EITHER . . . OR; NEITHER . . . NOR

16-3
COMBINING INDEPENDENT CLAUSES WITH COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

Chapter 17
ADVERB CLAUSES

17-1
INTRODUCTION

17-2
USING ADVERB CLAUSES TO SHOW CAUSE AND EFFECT

17-3
EXPRESSING CONTRAST (UNEXPECTED RESULT): USING EVEN THOUGH

17-4
SHOWING DIRECT CONTRAST: WHILE AND WHEREAS

17-5
EXPRESSING CONDITIONS IN ADVERB CLAUSES: IF-CLAUSES

17-6
ADVERB CLAUSES OF CONDITION: USING WHETHER OR NOT AND EVEN IF

17-7
ADVERB CLAUSES OF CONDITION: USING IN CASE AND IN THE EVENT THAT

17-8
ADVERB CLAUSES OF CONDITION: USING UNLESS

17-9
ADVERB CLAUSES OF CONDITION: USING ONLY IF

Chapter 18
REDUCTION OF ADVERB CLAUSES TO MODIFYING ADVERBIAL PHRASES

18-1
INTRODUCTION

18-2
CHANGING TIME CLAUSES TO MODIFYING ADVERBIAL PHRASES

18-3
EXPRESSING THE IDEA OF "DURING THE SAME TIME" IN MODIFYING ADVERBIAL PHRASES

18-4
EXPRESSING CAUSE AND EFFECT IN MODIFYING ADVERBIAL PHRASES

18-5
USING UPON + -ING IN MODIFYING ADVERBIAL PHRASES

Chapter 19
CONNECTIVES THAT EXPRESS CAUSE AND EFFECT, CONTRAST, AND CONDITION

19-1
USING BECAUSE OF AND DUE TO

19-2
USING TRANSITIONS TO SHOW CAUSE AND EFFECT: THEREFORE AND CONSEQUENTLY

19-3
SUMMARY OF PATTERNS AND PUNCTUATION

19-4
OTHER WAYS OF EXPRESSING CAUSE AND EFFECT: SUCH . . . THAT AND SO . . . THAT

19-5
EXPRESSING PURPOSE: USING SO THAT

19-6
SHOWING CONTRAST (UNEXPECTED RESULT)

19-7
SHOWING DIRECT CONTRAST

19-8
EXPRESSING CONDITIONS: USING OTHERWISE AND OR (ELSE)

19-9
SUMMARY OF CONNECTIVES: CAUSE AND EFFECT, CONTRAST, CONDITION

Chapter 20
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES AND WISHES

20-1
OVERVIEW OF BASIC VERB FORMS USED IN CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

20-2
TRUE IN THE PRESENT OR FUTURE

20-3
UNTRUE (CONTRARY TO FACT) IN THE PRESENT OR FUTURE

20-4
UNTRUE (CONTRARY TO FACT) IN THE PAST

20-5
USING PROGRESSIVE VERB FORMS IN CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

20-6
USING "MIXED TIME" IN CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

20-7
OMITTING IF

20-8
IMPLIED CONDITIONS

20-9
USING AS IF/AS THOUGH

20-10
VERB FORMS FOLLOWING WISH

20-11
USING WOULD TO MAKE WISHES ABOUT THE FUTURE

APPENDIX
SUPPLEMENTARY GRAMMAR UNITS

Unit A:
BASIC GRAMMAR TERMINOLOGY

A-1
SUBJECTS, VERBS, AND OBJECTS

A-2
PREPOSITIONS AND PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES

A-3
ADJECTIVES

A-4
ADVERBS

A-5
THE VERB BE

A-6
LINKING VERBS

Unit B:
QUESTIONS

B-1
FORMS OF YES/NO AND INFORMATION QUESTIONS

B-2
QUESTION WORDS

B-3
SHORTENED YES/NO QUESTIONS

B-4
NEGATIVE QUESTIONS

B-5
TAG QUESTIONS

Unit C:
CONTRACTIONS

Unit D:
NEGATIVES

D-1
USING NOT AND OTHER NEGATIVE WORDS

D-2
AVOIDING DOUBLE NEGATIVES

D-3
BEGINNING A SENTENCE WITH A NEGATIVE WORD

Unit E:
PREPOSITION COMBINATIONS

E
PREPOSITION COMBINATIONS WITH
ADJECTIVES AND VERBS

Unit F:
CONNECTIVES TO GIVE EXAMPLES AND TO CONTINUE AN IDEA

F-1
CONNECTIVES TO GIVE EXAMPLES

F-2
CONNECTIVES TO CONTINUE THE SAME IDEA

Unit G:
VERB FORM REVIEW EXERCISES

INDEX


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