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***ExCLuSiVe*** · 04-17-2006, 03:22 AM

About the Articles and Gender
The Definite Article
There is no Turkish word for the Definite Article - only the context tells us when to insert \"the\" in English.

�ay pahalı - Tea is expensive
�ay soğuk - The tea is cold
araba caddede - The car is in the the road
However when the noun is an object of a verb as in - Mehmet mended the radio - then Turkish uses an objective suffix - called the Accusative Case in grammar - so let us content ourselves to say that the Definite Article does exist in Turkish, but as an Objective Suffix. More later..

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The Indefinite Article
The Singular Indefinite Article is: bir - \"a.. an.. one..\"
bir kapı - a gate
bir elma - an apple
bir bardak - one glass
caddede bir araba var - there is a car in the road

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The Plural Indefinite Article is: bazı - \"some.. any..\"
Note that in English that the Article - \"some..\" - is only used in Positive Statements wheras - \"any..\" - is used in Negative Statements and also both in Positive and Negative Questions. All these are translated as - bazı - (with the plural) - in Turkish.

Positive Statements use - some.. - in English
Bah�ede bazı kapılar var. - There are some gates in the garden.
Bah�ede bazı kediler var. - There are some cats inthe garden.
Caddede bazı arabalar var - There are some cars in the road.
Negative Statements use - any.. - in English
Bah�ede bazı kapılar yok. - There are not any gates in the garden.
Bah�ede bazı kediler yok. - There are not any cats in the garden.
Caddede bazı arabalar yok. - There are not any cars in the road.
Both Positive and Negative Questions use - any.. - in English
Bah�ede bazı kapılar yok mu?. - Aren't there any gates in the garden?
Bah�ede bazı kediler var mı?. - Are there any cats in the garden?
Caddede bazı arabalar yok mu?. - Aren't there any cars in the road?
Caddede bazı arabalar var mı?. - Are there any cars in the road?
NOTE: bazı - some - always takes the plural

bazı kadınlar - some ladies
bazı evler - some houses

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Other Indefinites are:
birka� - an amount, a few
caddede birka� araba var - there are a few cars in the road.
bir�ok - a lot of or many

caddede bir�ok araba var - there are a lot of cars on the road
caddede bir�ok araba var - there are many cars on the road
biraz - a little, a small amount

biraz şeker, l�tfen - a little sugar, please

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Gender - Masculine of Feminine?..
Generally Turkish has no gender.
There is only one form of the noun, no masculine as - actor - and feminine as - actress - as in English, which has two forms of these nouns.However when gender distinction is necessary within the context, then Turkish uses simple locutions:

kız - girl or kadın - lady - can be placed in front of the noun to show human femininity.

terzi - tailor - becomes - kadın terzi - tailoress
arkadaş - friend - becomes - kız arkadaş - girl friend
dişi - female - can be used before nouns to show a female animal

k�pek - dog - becomes - dişi k�pek - bitch
erkek - male/man - can be used to show maleness

kardeş - sister/brother - becomes - erkek kardeş - brother
kız - girl/maiden - can be used to show femininity

kardeş - sister/brother - becomes - kız kardeş - sister
This method is used whenever it is necessary to differentiate between the sexes of your brother/sisters.

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The Exceptions of Family Relationships
We stated above that generally there is no Gender Distinction in Turkish, unhappily this does not apply to close family relationships as, for instance many relations on the mother's side will have a different word than the father's side:

Just two examples here - but they are myriad!
amca - uncle - father's brother - and dayı - uncle - mother's brother
teyze - aunt - mother's sister and hala - aunt - father's sister

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